RagD auto-activating mutations impair MiT/TFE activity in kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy syndrome

Authors: Irene Sambri, Marco Ferniani, Giulia Campostrini, Marialuisa Testa, Viviana Meraviglia, Mariana E. G. de Araujo, Ladislav Dokládal, Claudia Vilardo, Jlenia Monfregola, Nicolina Zampelli, Francesca Del Vecchio Blanco, Annalaura Torella, Carolina Ruosi, Simona Fecarotta, Giancarlo Parenti, Leopoldo Staiano, Milena Bellin, Lukas A. Huber, Claudio De Virgilio, Francesco Trepiccione, Vincenzo Nigro & Andrea Ballabio
Year: 2023
Sources: Nature Communications
Abstract:

Heterozygousmutations in the gene encoding RagD GTPase were shown to cause a novel autosomal dominant condition characterized by kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy. We previously demonstrated that RagD,and its paralogue RagC, mediate a non-canonical mTORC1 signaling pathway that inhibits the activity of TFEB and TFE3, transcription factors of the MiT/TFE family and master regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. Here we show that RagD mutations causing kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy are “auto- activating”, even in the absence of Folliculin, the GAP responsible for RagC/D activation, and cause constitutive phosphorylation of TFEB and TFE3 by mTORC1, without affecting the phosphorylation of “canonical”mTORC1 substrates, such as S6K. By using HeLa and HK- 2 cell lines, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and patient-derived primary fibroblasts, we show that RRAGD autoactivating mutations lead to inhibition of TFEB and TFE3 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, which impairs the response to lysosomal and mitochondrial injury. These data suggest that inhibition of MiT/TFE factors plays a key role in kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy syndrome.

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